![]() Rooks can move forward, backward or sideways, as long as there is space available. Kings can move in any direction, but only one square at a time. Queens are able to move in any direction and can move as many spaces as are available. Pawns can attack, but only diagonally and in a forward direction.īishops move diagonally and can move as many spaces on the chess board as are available. However, on its first move, it can move two squares. Pawns can only move forward one square at a time. They are the only piece that can jump over other pieces in the chess board. Knights move in an L-shape: Out two squares and over one. These are popular with new users and users of public computers.To begin playing chess, you can move either a pawn or a knight. In addition to standalone clients, many servers also offer websites that can be used directly from a Web browser. It is sparsely documented and not standardised, although a few reference implementations and several clients exist. The ICS protocol is a simple, text-based variant of the TELNET protocol. In 1996, John Fanning, uncle of Napster founder Shawn Fanning, started, a commercial Internet chess server to rival ICS. They formed the Free Internet Chess Server (FICS), and continued to allow everyone to have access to all features for free. Active players on the server who were used to the service being provided without charge were not pleased with the addition of the membership fee.Ī handful of programmers who had worked on the original ICS became unhappy with what they saw as the commoditization of their project. ![]() Many volunteers who had contributed in various ways to the flourishing of ICS were upset that anyone would attempt to profit from their efforts. This announcement was highly controversial among existing members. On March 1, 1995, Sleator announced his intentions to commercialise ICS himself, renaming it the Internet Chess Club, or ICC, and charging a yearly membership fee of $US 49 ($US 59.95 in 2007). There were questions about whether Sleator was right to claim that the ICS was his intellectual property, since he did not code the original server, although he had made substantial improvements to its code. In 1994, he copyrighted the code, and began receiving purchase offers from companies wanting to commercialise the server. He addressed, among other issues, the frequent complaint that players would lose blitz games on time due to network lag. In late 1992, Daniel Sleator, professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University, took over management of the ICS. Over time, many features were added to the ICS, such as Elo ratings and support for graphical clients, and the server was made more stable. Although it was buggy and suffered from lag problems, the server was popular among a small group of chess enthusiasts. John Chanak, William Kish, and Aaron Putnam moved the server to a host machine at Carnegie Mellon University in July 1992, and took over its operation. The official opening date of the ICS was January 15, 1992. Michael Moore, of the University of Utah, and Richard Nash recognised the potential of an Internet chess server and created its first incarnation, hosted at and accessible through telnet. As network technology improved, public, widespread use of a centralised server for live play became a possibility. Often one could complete a dozen moves in a week. Latency with email was less significant than with traditional correspondence chess via paper letters. In the eighties, chess play by email was still fairly novel. PLATO was not connected to Internet predecessor ARPANET in any way that allowed mass use by the public, and consequently, chess3 was and still is relatively unknown to the public. In theory one could use chess3 to play a complete game of chess in one sitting, but chess3 was not usually used this way. ![]() Several users used chess3 regularly often a particular user would make several moves per day, sometimes with several games simultaneously in progress. ![]() In the 1970s, one could play correspondence chess in a PLATO System program called 'chess3'.
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